수화반응

a) Hydration

Alkenes undergo hydration (addition of water across C=C bond) in the presence of dilute H₂SO₄ to produce alcohols. The alkyl hydrogen sulphate is formed which on hydrolysis with hot water gives alcohol.

The addition of water to the double bond is in accordance with Markownikov's rule. The alkene is obtained by cracking of hydrocarbons. The alkene is then absorbed by passing it into sulphuric acid at 353 K and 30 atmosphere pressure. The acid is diluted and treated with stream to release the alcohol.

산촉매 수환반응
(+)H-|_OH (-)

wittig reaction

http://www.chemtube3d.com/Nucleophilic%20substitution%20at%20the%20carbonyl%20group%20-%20Wittig%20reaction.html

aldol addition

고리형 아마이드

락탐이라고도 함

carbanion as nucleophile

http://employees.csbsju.edu/hjakubowski/classes/ch331/organic%20rev/olorganicrev.html

carbanion

단순 금속촉매 수소화 반응입니다.
알켄과 똑같이 C=N 이중결합에 수소 2개 나란히 붙고
HO-N에도 수소가 2개 나란히 붙으면 물이 떨어져 나가면서 1차 아민이 됩니다.

conjugation aromaticity

http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Organic_Chemistry/Organic_Chemistry_With_a_Biological_Emphasis/Chapter__2:_Introduction_to_organic_structure_and_bonding_II/Section_1:_Molecular_orbital_theory:_conjugation_and_aromaticity